NARRATOR Crimes against peace. War crimes. Crimes against humanity. These were the charges brought against 22 defendants—all senior Nazi leaders—in October 1945. The newly created International Military Tribunal of American, Soviet, British, and French judges held the trials in Nuremberg, Germany. Survivor Fred Rodell served as an interrogator at the Nuremberg trials: "Basically, on all cases most of the defendants always blamed whatever they did on somebody else. They took orders and they blamed it on somebody else and most likely on somebody else who was no longer living…" NARRATOR The Nuremberg trials dealt with war crimes in general, not specifically atrocities against the Jews. Within a year the tribunal brought the verdicts, including twelve death sentences. Since Hitler and several others senior Nazis had committed suicide as the war ended, they escaped judgement altogether. Adolph Eichmann—who was considered one of the architects of the Final Solution—had escaped as well… but alive. More than a fifteen years later, he was discovered hiding in Argentina, captured by Nazi hunters, and spirited to Israel where he was put on trial. Unlike Nuremberg, this trial was carried out by Jews—essentially the victims and survivors of the Holocaust. Appearing entirely ordinary, Eichmann—seated inside a bulletproof glass booth—listened as Polish-born Israeli attorney general Gideon Hauser famously charged him: MALE VOICE "I am not standing alone. With me are six million accusers. But they cannot rise to their feet and point an accusing finger toward him who sits in the dock and cry: 'I accuse.' For their ashes are piled up on the hills of Auschwitz and the fields of Treblinka and are strewn in the forests of Poland. Their graves are scattered throughout the length and breadth of Europe. Their blood cries out, but their voice is not heard. Therefore, I will be their spokesman and, in their name, I will unfold the awesome indictment." NARRATOR For four months the trial continued, with testimony from victim after victim—in gruesome, cruel, heartbreaking detail. Films of the death camps were projected on the wall. It was the first trial ever broadcast on television and, for many, the first time the full details of the Holocaust were shared. Unsurprisingly, Eichmann claimed he was just following orders. In December of 1961, Eichmann was found guilty of all counts and—in front of the whole world— sentenced to death. Six months after the verdict, he was executed. The full disclosure of the Holocaust prompted countless survivors to emerge and share their stories despite the trauma it entailed. As the world awakened, a cry emerged: “Never Again.”